{"id":422,"date":"2023-10-13T15:18:39","date_gmt":"2023-10-13T07:18:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/?p=422"},"modified":"2023-10-17T21:55:58","modified_gmt":"2023-10-17T13:55:58","slug":"vsftp%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%aeftp%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%85%a8%e6%ad%a5%e9%aa%a4-%e5%a4%9a%e4%b8%aa%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%ab%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/?p=422","title":{"rendered":"vsftp\u914d\u7f6eftp\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5168\u6b65\u9aa4--\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5171\u4eab\u76ee\u5f55"},"content":{"rendered":"

chroot\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n

chroot\uff0c\u5373 change root directory (\u66f4\u6539 root \u76ee\u5f55)\u3002\u5728 linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5 \/\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u4ee5\u6839 (root) \u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 chroot \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5c06\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f5c\u4e3a \/ \u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5373\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540e\uff0cchroot\u81f3\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pwd\u547d\u4ee4\u770b\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\/\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\/home\/xxx\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 chroot
\n\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7 chroot \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u4e0d\u5728\u662f\u65e7\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u4e0b\u7684\u800c\u662f\u65b0\u6839\u4e0b(\u5373\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e)\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5927\u81f4\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b3\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n

A. \u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff1b
\n\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7 chroot \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u6839\u4e0b\u5c06\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5230\u65e7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5728\u767b\u5f55 (login) \u524d\u4f7f\u7528 chroot\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u8fbe\u5230\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

B. \u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u539f\u7cfb\u7edf\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\uff1b
\n\u4f7f\u7528 chroot \u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u65b0\u6839\u4e0b\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u539f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n

C. \u5207\u6362\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u6025\u6551\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u3002
\nchroot \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5207\u6362\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6839\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u6700\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u662f\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5f15\u5bfc\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u521d\u59cb RAM \u78c1\u76d8 (initrd) \u5207\u6362\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6839\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u771f\u6b63\u7684 init\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 chroot \u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

chroot \u7684\u4f7f\u7528
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3 chroot \u53d1\u6325\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5207\u6362\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7 chroot \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u7684 bin\/ \u7b49\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173\u76ee\u5f55\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u65e7\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5207\u6362\u540e\u65b0\u6839\u4e0b\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

vsftpd\u914d\u7f6eftp\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u914d\u7f6e\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n

1.ftp\u4e0b\u8f7d
\nyum install -y vsftpd<\/h5>\n
2.ftp\u542f\u52a8<\/h5>\n

systemctl enable vsftpd.service #\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f
\nsystemctl start vsftpd.service #\u542f\u52a8
\nsystemctl status vsftpd.service #\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n

3.\u914d\u7f6eFTP<\/h5>\n

3.1 \u6253\u5f00\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

vim \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u3010\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u884c\u3011<\/p>\n

userlist_enable=YES\u00a0 \u00a0#\u542f\u7528userlist\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e\u8868<\/p>\n

userlist_deny=NO\u00a0 #\u5f53userlist_enable=YES\u65f6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6userlist_deny=NO\u65f6\uff1auser_list\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u767d\u540d\u5355<\/p>\n

anonymous_enable=NO\u00a0 #\u7981\u7528\u533f\u540d\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n

write_enable=YES\u00a0 #\u53ef\u5199<\/p>\n

download_enable=YES\u00a0 #\u53ef\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/p>\n

pasv_enable=YES\u00a0 #\u542f\u7528\u88ab\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u88ab\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n

pasv_min_port=10000<\/p>\n

pasv_max_port=10100<\/p>\n

chroot_list_enable=YES<\/p>\n

chroot_local_user=NO\u00a0 #\u7981\u6b62user_list\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u83b7\u53d6chroot\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pwd\u6bd4\u8f83\u51faYES\/NO\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0cYES\u7684pwd\u4e3a\u5168\u76ee\u5f55\uff0cNO\u4e3a\/<\/p>\n

chroot_list_file=\/etc\/vsftpd\/user_list\u00a0 #\u9650\u5236\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

local_root=\/data\/ftp<\/p>\n

allow_writeable_chroot=YES\u00a0 \u00a0#\u5141\u8bb8\u5199\u5165\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

4.\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e<\/h5>\n

4.1 \/etc\/vsftpd\/userlist\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d#\u6ce8\u91ca\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

4.2\u589e\u52a0ftp\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n

mkdir \/data\/ftp<\/p>\n

chown ftp:ftp \/data\/ftp<\/p>\n

chmod g+w \/data\/ftp<\/p>\n

4.2\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

useradd -g ftp -s \/sbin\/nologin ftpuser1\u00a0 #\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237ftpuser1<\/p>\n

passwd ftpuser1\u00a0 #\u914d\u7f6eftpuser1\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

4.3\u5728\/etc\/vsftpd\/user_list\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237ftpuser1<\/p>\n

5.\u91cd\u542fftp\u670d\u52a1<\/h5>\n

systemctl restart vsftpd.service \u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8
\nsystemctl status vsftpd.service #\u67e5\u770b\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u6709\u62a5\u9519\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u65e0\u62a5\u9519\u65e5\u5fd7\u5219\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u9009\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u786e\u8ba4\/etc\/selinux\/config\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6SELINUX\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5173\u95edSELinux\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u7cfb\u7edf selinux=disabled<\/p>\n

2.\u4fee\u6539FTP\u901a\u4fe1\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7
\n\uff081\uff09\u7f16\u8f91\/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf \u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0<\/p>\n

listen_port=811 \/\/\u6307\u5b9aFTP\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7
\n\uff082\uff09\u7f16\u8f91\/etc\/services \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e2d\u7684<\/p>\n

ftp 21\/tcp \u6539\u4e3a ftp 811\/tcp,
\nftp 21\/udp \u6539\u4e3a ftp 811\/tcp<\/p>\n

3.\u4fee\u6539ftp\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

use_localtime=YES #ftp\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u5230\u7684\u662f\u672c\u5730\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

4.\u4fee\u6539\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u8fde\u63a5\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n

dual_log_enable=YES<\/p>\n

vsftpd_log_file=\/var\/log\/vsftpd.log<\/p>\n

5.\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

idle_session_timeout=600 #\u6b64\u8bed\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4300s
\ndata_connection_timeout=120 #\u8be5\u8bed\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4300s\uff0c\u5f53 data_connection_timeout \u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0cidle_session_timeout\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u5373\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\uff01<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

chroot\u4ecb\u7ecd chroot\uff0c\u5373 change root directory (\u66f4\u6539 root \u76ee\u5f55)\u3002\u5728 linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5 \/\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u4ee5\u6839 (root) \u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 chroot \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5c06\u4ee5 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,33],"tags":[],"topic":[37],"class_list":["post-422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","category-app","topic-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=422"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":437,"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422\/revisions\/437"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=422"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.birk.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftopic&post=422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}